Son-montuno

A more developed style (Arsenio Rodríguez in the 1940s), emphasizing call-and-response, montuno sections, and heavier rhythm — this is the direct ancestor of salsa. Instruments:

  • Tres (often electric or more percussive style)
  • Piano (replacing or joining guitar for harmony and “tumbaos”)
  • Double Bass
  • Bongó
  • Congas (a standard addition now)
  • Claves
  • Maracas & Güiro
  • Multiple Trumpets (or full brass section)

👉 Larger conjuntos (bigger ensembles), strong rhythm section.