Danzon
- "Ophicleide or tuba (later replaced by contrabass)"
Early danzĂłn ensembles (late 1800s â orquesta tĂpica):
- Woodwinds: primarily clarinet (very characteristic of the style), flute, sometimes oboe.
- Brass: cornet or trumpet, trombone.
- Strings: violins, double bass.
- Percussion: timbales (or pailas criollas), gĂźiro.
This type of group was known as an orquesta tĂpica, modeled partly on European military bands but adapted to Cuban dance music.
Later development ( charanga francesa, early 1900s):
- Flute (usually a wooden five-key flute, later silver flutes).
- Violins (2 or more, forming the melodic backbone).
- Piano.
- Double bass.
- GĂźiro (scraper providing the rhythmic drive).
- Timbales (light drums replacing heavier European percussion).
Charanga
Dances
- DanzĂłn â The quintessential Cuban ballroom dance, elegant and formal, often seen as the "national dance of Cuba."
- Danzonete â A sung variant of danzĂłn that became popular in the 1920sâ30s.
- Cha-cha-chĂĄ â Created in the 1950s by Enrique JorrĂn while playing with a charanga; specifically designed for charanga orchestras.
- Pachanga â A playful dance and rhythm from the late 1950s/early 1960s, closely linked to charanga bands.
- Mambo (in its earlier Cuban form) â Before the big-band New York mambo, charangas also played early mambo-style danzones.
- Charanga is a Cuban ensemble style and musical tradition that dates back to the early 20th century. It became especially popular in the 1940sâ50s and played a crucial role in the evolution of salsa, timba, and Latin jazz.
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Timbales
History
Timbales were introduced in Cuban danzĂłn during the late 19th century.
Hereâs how it happened:
- The earliest danzĂłn was played by orquestas tĂpicas, which used heavier European-style timpani and military-style percussion.
- Around the 1870sâ1880s, these large drums were replaced by the pailas criollas (what we now call timbales). They were lighter, more agile metal drums better suited for Cuban dance rhythms.
- This innovation helped shape the charanga francesa ensemble (flute, violins, piano, bass, gĂźiro, timbales), which became the standard for danzĂłn, danzonete, and later chachachĂĄ.
đ So, the timbales first entered Cuban music through danzĂłn and then became central to many genres afterwards ( mambo, salsa, songo, timba).
Charanga
Dances
- DanzĂłn â The quintessential Cuban ballroom dance, elegant and formal, often seen as the "national dance of Cuba."
- Danzonete â A sung variant of danzĂłn that became popular in the 1920sâ30s.
- Cha-cha-chĂĄ â Created in the 1950s by Enrique JorrĂn while playing with a charanga; specifically designed for charanga orchestras.
- Pachanga â A playful dance and rhythm from the late 1950s/early 1960s, closely linked to charanga bands.
- Mambo (in its earlier Cuban form) â Before the big-band New York mambo, charangas also played early mambo-style danzones.
- Charanga is a Cuban ensemble style and musical tradition that dates back to the early 20th century. It became especially popular in the 1940sâ50s and played a crucial role in the evolution of salsa, timba, and Latin jazz.
Lees meer >
Mambo
In Cuban music, especially in salsa and son, the " mambo" section typically refers to a brassy, rhythmically intense instrumental break, often featuring repetitive horn lines, call-and-response patterns, and building energy toward the climax of a song.
Mambo
In Cuban music, especially in salsa and son, the "mambo" section typically refers to a brassy, rhythmically intense instrumental break, often featuring repetitive horn lines, call-and-response patterns, and building energy toward the climax of a song.
Guiro
The gĂźiro is central to danzĂłn, cha-cha-chĂĄ, son, and salsa, and is a standard feature of charanga orchestras that popularized Cuban dance music in the 20th century.
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Piano
Origins
Inventor: Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655â1731), an Italian instrument maker in Florence.
Date: Around 1700, Cristofori built the first instrument he called a âgravicembalo col piano e forteâ â meaning harpsichord with soft and loud.
Reason for invention: Harpsichords (the main keyboard instrument of the 1600s) could not vary loudness by touch. Cristofori solved this by using hammers to strike strings instead of plucking them.
Mechanism: When a key was pressed, a felt-covered hammer struck the string, producing sound with dynamics depending on how hard or softly the key was played.
The Bass
Timba, the explosive and rhythmically rich genre of Cuban dance music, transformed how the bass functions in popular music. In Timba, the bass is not just foundational â itâs fiery, funky, and free.
Lees meer >
Guiro
The gĂźiro is central to danzĂłn, cha-cha-chĂĄ, son, and salsa, and is a standard feature of charanga orchestras that popularized Cuban dance music in the 20th century.
Lees meer >
The Bass
Timba, the explosive and rhythmically rich genre of Cuban dance music, transformed how the bass functions in popular music. In Timba, the bass is not just foundational â itâs fiery, funky, and free.
Lees meer >
Trumpet
Used in mambo, salsa, and timba horn sections.
- The trumpetâs origin is ancient, global, and ceremonial.
- Its modern form came from 19th-century Europe (valves).
- Its Cuban role grew from military bands and popular brass groups, before being absorbed into son as the seventh voice that defined the septeto.
Mambo
In Cuban music, especially in salsa and son, the " mambo" section typically refers to a brassy, rhythmically intense instrumental break, often featuring repetitive horn lines, call-and-response patterns, and building energy toward the climax of a song.
Mambo
In Cuban music, especially in salsa and son, the "mambo" section typically refers to a brassy, rhythmically intense instrumental break, often featuring repetitive horn lines, call-and-response patterns, and building energy toward the climax of a song.